03126    a2200421   4500001001100000005001700011008004200028020001800070037003600088040000700124041000800131072001500139072001400154072001400168072001400182072001600196072001500212072001500227072001500242072001300257072001200270072001200282072001200294072001400306072001300320072001300333072001500346072002100361072002100382072002300403100001700426245008200443250000600525260003200531300001000563520211600573999001502689135120249920250317111559.0250312042019GB        154           eng    a9781351202497  bTaylor & FranciscGBP 46.99fBB  a01  aeng7 aGTM2thema7 aTN2thema7 aAM2thema7 aRP2thema7 aJBFD2thema7 aGTP2thema7 aJHB2thema7 a1DT2bisac7 aGTB2bic7 aTN2bic7 aAM2bic7 aRP2bic7 aJFFB2bic7 aGTF2bic7 aJHB2bic7 a1DV2bisac7 aARC0080002bisac7 aARC0100002bisac7 a728.09794942bisac1 aLiz Falletta10aBy-Right, By-DesignbHousing Development versus Housing Design in Los Angeles  a1  aOxfordbRoutledgec20190626  a262 p  bHousing is an essential, but complex, product, so complex that professionals involved in its production, namely, architects, real estate developers and urban planners, have difficulty agreeing on “good” housing outcomes. Less-than-optimal solutions that have resulted from a too narrow focus on one discipline over others are familiar: high design that is costly to build that makes little contribution to the public realm, highly profitable but seemingly identical “cookie-cutter” dwellings with no sense of place and well-planned neighborhoods full of generically designed, unmarketable product types. Differing roles, languages and criteria for success shape these perspectives, which, in turn, influence attitudes about housing regulation. Real estate developers, for example, prefer projects that can be built “as-of-right” or “by-right,” meaning that they can be approved quickly because they meet all current planning, zoning and building code requirements. Design-focused projects, heretofore “by-design,” by contrast, often require time to challenge existing regulatory codes, pursuing discretionary modifications meant to maximize design innovation and development potential. Meanwhile, urban planners work to establish and mediate the threshold between by-right and by-design processes by setting housing standards and determining appropriate housing policy. But just what is the right line between “by-right” and “by-design”? By-Right, By-Design provides a historical perspective, conceptual frameworks and practical strategies that cross and connect the diverse professions involved in housing production. The heart of the book is a set of six cross-disciplinary comparative case studies, each examining a significant Los Angeles housing design precedent approved by-variance and its associated development type approved as of right. Each comparison tells a different story about the often-hidden relationships among the three primary disciplines shaping the built environment, some of which uphold, and others of which transgress, conventional disciplinary stereotypes.  c3883d3883