000			02397 a2200349 4500
001			1315532670
005			20250317111625.0
008			250312042016GB 20 eng
020			_a9781315532677
037			_bTaylor & Francis _cGBP 45.99 _fBB
040			_a01
041			_aeng
072	7		_aJP _2thema
072	7		_aJHB _2thema
072	7		_aJB _2thema
072	7		_aGTM _2thema
072	7		_a1FPC _2bisac
072	7		_aJP _2bic
072	7		_aJHB _2bic
072	7		_aJF _2bic
072	7		_aGTB _2bic
072	7		_a1FPC _2bisac
072	7		_aSOC008000 _2bisac
072	7		_aSOC053000 _2bisac
072	7		_a322.4095125 _2bisac
100	1		_aYongshun Cai
245	1	0	_aOccupy Movement in Hong Kong _bSustaining Decentralized Protest
250			_a1
260			_aOxford _bRoutledge _c20160812
300			_a174 p
520			_bThe Occupy movement in Hong Kong was sustained for about 80 days because of government tolerance, the presence of determined participants, and a weak leadership. The government tolerated the occupation because its initial use of force, in particular teargas, was counterproductive and provoked large-scale participation. Unlike other social movements, such as the 1989 Tiananmen movement, the Occupy movement reached its peak of participation at the very beginning, making it difficult to sustain the momentum. The presence of determined participants who chose to stay until the government responded was crucial to the sustaining of the movement. These self-selected participants were caught in a dilemma between fruitless occupation and reluctance to retreat without a success. The movement lasted also because the weak leadership was unable to force the government to concede or devise approaches for making a "graceful exit." Consequently, site clearance became the common choice of both the government and the protestors. This book develops a new framework to explain the sustaining of decentralized protest in the absence of strong movement organizations and leadership. Sustained protests are worth research because they not only reveal the broad social context in which the protests arise and persist but also point out the dynamics of the escalation or the decline of the protests. In addition, sustained protest may not only lead to more dramatic action, but they also result in the diffusion of protests or lead to significant policy changes.
999			_c6166 _d6166